Melanoma, a type of skin cancer, is often thought of as a disease that primarily affects adults. However, recent studies have shown that the incidence of melanoma among children is on the rise. As dermatologists, it is our duty to educate parents and caregivers about the risks of melanoma in children and how to protect them from this dangerous disease.
According to the American Academy of Dermatology, melanoma is the most common form of cancer for young adults between the ages of 25 and 29. But recent studies have shown that melanoma is also increasing among children. One study found that between 1973 and 2009, the incidence of pediatric melanoma increased by an average of 2% per year. Another study found that the incidence of melanoma among children aged 10-14 increased by 2.7% per year between 2000 and 2010.
So why is melanoma increasing among children? One reason may be excessive sun exposure. Children spend a lot of time outdoors, especially during the summer months when they are on vacation from school. When children are not protected from the sun’s harmful rays, they are at risk of developing skin damage that can lead to skin cancer.
Another factor is that children’s skin is more susceptible to damage from the sun. The melanin in a child’s skin is not fully developed, making it more sensitive to UV radiation. This means that children are more likely to develop sunburns, which can increase their risk of developing skin cancer later in life.
It is important for parents and caregivers to take steps to protect children from the sun’s harmful rays. This includes applying sunscreen with a high SPF, making sure children wear protective clothing and hats, and avoiding outdoor activities during peak sun hours. In addition, parents should be aware of any changes in their child’s skin and report any suspicious moles or spots to their dermatologist.
One way to detect melanoma early is to perform regular skin checks. Parents should examine their child’s skin from head to toe on a regular basis, looking for any changes in moles, birthmarks, or other spots. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends using the ABCDEs to help identify potentially cancerous moles:
A – Asymmetry: One half of the mole does not match the other half.
B – Border irregularity: The edges of the mole are not smooth, but instead are ragged, notched, or blurred.
C – Color: The mole has different colors, including shades of tan, brown, black, red, white, or blue.
D – Diameter: The mole is larger than 6mm in diameter, or about the size of a pencil eraser.
E – Evolution: The mole has changed over time, including in size, shape, color, or elevation.
If a parent notices any of these warning signs, they should make an appointment with their dermatologist for further evaluation.
In conclusion, melanoma is an increasing concern for children, and parents should take steps to protect their children from excessive sun exposure. By being vigilant about sun protection and performing regular skin checks, parents can help to detect skin cancer early and protect their children’s health. It is also important to see a dermatologist if you notice any changes in your child’s skin, as early detection can make all the difference in treating skin cancer.
