As a dermatologist, one of the most important aspects of my job is educating my patients about skin cancer. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the world, but with early detection and treatment, it is highly curable. In this article, I will discuss the warning signs of skin cancer and what you should look for when examining your skin.
What is Skin Cancer?
Skin cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the skin cells. The two most common types of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. These types of skin cancer are highly curable when detected early. However, melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can be deadly if left untreated. Melanoma can develop anywhere on the body, including areas that are not exposed to the sun.
What are the Warning Signs of Skin Cancer?
When examining your skin, it is important to look for any changes in moles, freckles, or any other spots on your skin. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends using the “ABCDE” rule to detect potential skin cancer:
A – Asymmetry: One half of the mole or spot doesn’t match the other half.
B – Border irregularity: The edges of the mole are notched, blurred, or irregular in outline.
C – Color: The color of the mole is not uniform. There may be shades of tan, brown, or black, and sometimes patches of red, white, or blue.
D – Diameter: The mole is larger than a pencil eraser.
E – Evolving: The mole is changing in size, shape, or color.
It is important to note that not all skin cancers will display all of these characteristics, and some may not display any at all. Any change in a mole, freckle, or spot on the skin should be examined by a dermatologist.
What Causes Skin Cancer?
The primary cause of skin cancer is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. The risk of developing skin cancer is higher in people with fair skin, blond or red hair, blue or green eyes, and a history of sunburns. People who have a family history of skin cancer or who have had an organ transplant are also at an increased risk.
Can Skin Cancer Be Prevented?
While skin cancer cannot be completely prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk. These include:
- Wear protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts and hats.
- Use sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher, and reapply every two hours or after swimming or sweating.
- Seek shade during peak sun hours (10 am to 4 pm).
- Avoid indoor tanning.
- Perform self-examinations of your skin regularly and see a dermatologist for an annual skin check.
Conclusion
Skin cancer is a serious disease, but with early detection and treatment, it can be cured. By learning the warning signs of skin cancer and taking steps to prevent it, you can protect yourself from this disease. Remember to perform self-examinations regularly and to see a dermatologist for an annual skin check. By working together, we can reduce the incidence of skin cancer and help people to live healthier lives.
